Decks can be built from a variety of materials. Woods such as redwood and cedar are attractive, durable choices that age to a silvery shade over time. Modified woods, like Kebony, use a nontoxic liquid to make sustainable softwoods super dense, giving them performance similar to tropical hardwood.
The most important part of any deck is its mana base. It enables you to cast spells each turn.
Framing
The frame is the foundation of a deck and is the key to building a safe, long-lasting structure. Framing a deck requires specialized skills, tools, and precision to ensure the safety of the deck and its occupants. Framing a deck using best practices ensures it will be strong, stable, and secure.
Framing a deck is typically done in sections, and it is important to take the time to do each step correctly. This will prevent mistakes that may be costly down the road. A good place to start is the ledger board, which is attached to the house using lag screws or bolts and provides a solid base for the rest of the structure.
Once the footing holes are dug and concrete poured, posts can be installed. Often, these will be 6×6 pressure-treated posts that are notched and spaced properly to accommodate the deck beams. Using galvanized post anchors can increase strength. Beams are then placed on top of the posts, and they can be secured with metal brackets or post-to-beam connectors.
Local building codes dictate the amount of weight a deck can support per square foot (psf), which affects joist sizes and spacing, beam spans, and post locations. For example, if a deck contains hot tubs or heavy equipment, it may require more durable, longer-lasting materials.
Posts and Footings
When building your deck, it’s crucial to have a strong, sturdy, and code-compliant foundation. This is where footings and posts come in. Deck footings are built to distribute the weight of your deck evenly and support the structure properly. They are also key to avoiding frost heave, where the soil underneath your deck shifts upward after freezing and thawing.
The best type of footing for your deck depends on the size and location of your deck and the load requirements it will carry. For example, large or elevated decks will require stronger footings than a small ground-level deck. It’s also important to consult your structural engineer or local building codes to determine the proper footing dimensions and spacing.
Posts are used to anchor the footings, providing support and stability for the entire deck. There are many different types of posts and materials to choose from, including wood, steel and concrete. The choice you make should depend on the style, aesthetic and durability you want for your deck.
Deck footings can be poured on-site using concrete or purchased precast, which means they’re usually more expensive than pier blocks but provide greater durability and longevity. Poured concrete footings are usually required by local building codes and must comply with specific depth and width regulations to ensure the safety of your deck over time.
Deck Design
Whether your deck is an extension of your living space or a place to entertain guests, its design should integrate it seamlessly with your home. Aesthetic and functional design blends visual appeal with practical uses to create a beautiful, comfortable outdoor space.
Choosing the right decking material is a big decision that impacts appearance and cost. Wood options like cedar or Ipe look natural and require regular maintenance, while composite materials may be less expensive but don’t have the authentic look that some homeowners prefer. Other considerations include stair and railing material, as well as additional features like benches or seating areas.
A deck should be designed to withstand the elements and minimize damage. Incorporating slopes and drainage systems helps manage water runoff and prevent pooling or flooding. Deck design should also take into account wind exposure, enabling you to build windbreaks or other structures that will reduce the impact of strong winds. You should also consider the sun’s movement throughout the day and its effect on comfort, such as creating shade or maximizing sunlight for entertaining spaces.
In addition, it’s important to understand local building and safety codes and regulations. Professional contractors can save you time, effort, and money while ensuring your deck complies with standards and passes inspection. They also understand the implications of various construction materials and have access to expert resources.
Installation
Whether you choose wood like cedar or redwood, or a more exotic material such as ipe, the first step in installing your deck is obtaining the necessary permits and following building codes. A professional will take care of this for you, ensuring your new deck meets all standards set by your local authority.
This is an important step, as a deck that isn’t properly constructed could become unsafe or even collapse under load. Once your deck is framed and the footings are in place, it’s time to install the supports. Post-hole diggers are used to dig holes for the support posts, and concrete is poured into them to form a solid foundation for your deck.
Installing the decking is an ongoing process, and it can be tedious work. Be sure to use a level frequently to ensure your boards are installed plumb. It’s also a good idea to stretch a line across the decking, as this can help catch mistakes that would be difficult to spot once the board is in place.
Adding a deck to your home is a great way to enjoy the outdoors in comfort and style. Americans have increasingly turned to their backyards for relaxation and escape, and Yardzen’s data shows that livable outdoor spaces are prized on buyers’ lists as they house hunt.